Generator How-To: Charging Batteries, Earthing, and Draining Fuel & Oil

Once you've acquired the perfect generator and safely set it up, the next step is to learn how to use it effectively and safely. This comprehensive guide addresses frequently asked questions, providing practical advice to help you get the most out of your generator. This guide will be regularly updated to incorporate new information and address evolving needs.

What's Included:

• Charging Batteries
• Draining Fuel & Oil
• Earthing Your Generator

1. Charging Batteries with Your Generator

A common question concerns the best method for charging batteries using a generator. This section details how to utilise your generator for charging, clarifying the purpose of the 12-volt output.

Important Considerations:

While many generators, including SGS models, feature a 12-volt output, they are not designed for direct battery charging. This is due to several factors:

1. Limited Amperage: SGS generators typically have a maximum 8.3-amp 12V output. Charging a battery, especially a larger capacity one (e.g., a 100 amp-hour battery), will be extremely slow. Expect to achieve only around 40% charge in 6-8 hours, even starting with a virtually flat battery.
2. Variable DC Output: The DC output voltage fluctuates depending on the generator's RPM (revolutions per minute). The generator doesn't automatically reduce output as the battery nears full charge, increasing the risk of overcharging and potential damage to the battery or generator.
3. Safety Concerns: Direct charging via the generator's DC output is best suited for emergency or short-term trickle charging, such as topping up a car battery. Using it for anything beyond this significantly increases the risk of damaging both the battery and the generator itself.

The Recommended Approach:

The safest and most efficient way to charge a battery using a generator is to employ a dedicated, purpose-built battery charger. Connect this charger to one of the generator's higher-amperage AC outputs. This method offers several advantages:

• Faster Charging: Purpose-built chargers are designed for optimal charging speed and efficiency.
• Precise Charging: Most chargers incorporate self-regulating circuitry, minimising the risk of overcharging and battery damage.
• Protection: Dedicated chargers often include features such as overcharge protection, preventing damage to the battery.

Reserve the 12-volt output as a backup for emergencies or short-term trickle charging only.

2. Draining Fuel and Oil from Your Generator

Regular maintenance includes draining fuel and oil. Here's a step-by-step guide:

Draining Fuel:

1. Turn off the generator: Ensure the generator is completely switched off and has cooled down.
2. Close the fuel tap: Locate the fuel tap and turn it to the "off" position.
3. Disconnect the fuel hose: Carefully detach the fuel hose from the generator, leaving it connected to the fuel tap.
4. Position the hose: Place the end of the fuel hose into a suitable fuel container (ensure it's properly labelled and designed for fuel).
5. Open the fuel tap: Slowly open the fuel tap and allow the fuel to drain completely into the container.

Draining Oil:

1. Position a container: Place a suitable container (e.g., a drain pan) under the generator's oil drain bolt. The capacity of the container should exceed the generator's oil capacity.
2. Locate the drain bolt: Identify the oil drain bolt (usually located at the bottom of the engine).
3. Remove the bolt: Carefully unscrew the drain bolt using the appropriate wrench. Be prepared for some oil to flow out immediately.
4. Tip the generator (if necessary): To ensure complete oil drainage, you may need to gently tip the generator forward.
5. Replace the bolt: Once the oil has completely drained, replace the drain bolt securely.

Important Note: Always dispose of used fuel and oil responsibly, in accordance with local regulations. Never pour them down drains or onto the ground.

3. Earthing Your Generator

The need for earthing (grounding) a generator depends on several factors. Understanding these factors is crucial for safe operation.

Portable Petrol Generators:

Most portable petrol generators, including SGS models, are self-earthed. This means they don't require an additional earthing device or spike. The generator's metal casing is connected to the earth ground through the electrical system.

Larger Generators (10.0 kVA and Above):

For generators with an output of 10.0 kVA or greater, an earthing spike is generally recommended. This provides an additional layer of safety and reduces the risk of electrical shocks.

Location-Specific Requirements:

Some locations may mandate the use of an earthing spike, regardless of generator size. This is often the case if the generator is to be used in a fixed location for an extended period.

Using an Earthing Spike (If Required):

1. Choose the right location: Select a location away from underground utilities (pipes, cables, etc.).
2. Drive the spike: Carefully drive the earthing spike into the ground, ensuring a secure connection.
3. Connect the spike: Connect the earthing spike to the designated earthing terminal on the generator.
4. Inspect regularly: Regularly check the connection to ensure it remains secure.

Safety Precautions: Driving an earthing spike into the ground carries a risk of damaging underground utilities. Always exercise caution and, if unsure, consult a qualified electrician.

Additional Safety Tips:

• Regular Maintenance: Regularly inspect your generator for any signs of damage or wear. This includes checking fuel lines, oil levels, and electrical connections.
• Fuel Storage: Store fuel in a well-ventilated area, away from ignition sources. Use approved fuel containers.
• Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation around the generator when in operation.
• Overloading: Avoid overloading the generator by connecting too many appliances. Always check the generator's maximum output rating.
• Extension Cords: Use heavy-duty, outdoor-rated extension cords suitable for the generator's output. Inspect cords regularly for damage.
• Qualified Assistance: If you are unsure about any aspect of generator operation or maintenance, consult a qualified electrician or generator technician.

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of essential generator operation and maintenance tasks. Remember, safety is paramount. Always prioritise safe practices and consult professional assistance when needed. Regularly review and update your understanding of generator safety procedures to ensure continued safe and efficient operation.